ทิทาเนียมไดออกไซด์ TiO2 Titanium Dioxide

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Titanium Dioxide, TiO2, ทิทาเนียมไดออกไซด์, ไททาเนียมไดออกไซด์

ไทเทเนียมไดออกไซด์เป็นสารเก่าแก่ชนิดหนึ่งเท่าๆกับโลกของเรา

และเป็นหนึ่งใน 50ชนิดของสารที่ผลิตมากที่สุดทั่วโลก ลักษณะโดยทั่วไปมีสีขาว

ทึบแสงเกิดเองตามธรรมชาติมี 2 รูปแบบ ใหญ่ คือ รูไทล์และอานาเทสทั้ง

2รูปแบบมีไทเทเนียมไดออกไซด์บริสุทธิ์อยู่กับสารปนเปื้อนต้องผ่านกระบวนการทางเคมีจึงจะนำสารปนเปื้อนออกได้เหลือไว้แต่ไทเทเนียมไดออกไซด์บริสุทธิ์ไทเทเนียมไดออกไซด์เป็นสารสีที่มีสีขาวมีประโยชน์สำหรับการใช้งานได้หลากหลายเนื่องจากมันไม่มีกลิ่นและมีความสามารถในการดูดซับแร่ชนิดนี้พบได้ในหลายผลิตภัณฑ์ตั้งแต่สีทาบ้านไปถึงอาหารและเครื่องสำอางในกลุ่มเครื่องสำอางใช้เพื่อหลายวัตถุประสงค์ไทเทเนียมไดออกไซด์เป็นสารสีที่มีสีขาวเป็นตัวที่ทำให้เกิดการทึบแสงและเป็นตัวป้องกันแสงแดด

TiO2 หรือไทเทเนียมไดออกไซด์ ได้ถูกพบมานานหลายทศวรรษ เป็น Green Product ปลอดภัยต่อมนุษย์และสิ่งแวดล้อม TiO2 มีการใช้งานในอุตสาหกรรมหลายประเภท

อาทิเช่น อุตสาหกรรมการทำสีผสมอาหารที่เป็นสีขาว ใช้เป็นสารเคลือบขนมช็อกโกแลต

ยาสีฟัน เป็นส่วนประกอบในแป้ง สบู่ เครื่องสำอาง ลิปสติก ครีมกันแดด ใช้ในผลิตภัณฑ์บรรจุอาหาร

ผสมในยาสูบ และสีทาอาคาร ฯลฯ แม้กระทั่งการทำรากฟันเทียม

รวมถึงการใช้เป็นองค์ประกอบหลักในการทำยาในประเทศญี่ปุ่น ดังนั้น TiO2 จึงเป็นสารที่มีความปลอดภัยต่อมนุษย์สูงมาก ไทเทเนียมไดออกไซด์ถูกจัดอยู่ในกลุ่มของสารสีที่ปลอดภัย

ไม่ใช่สารที่อยู่ในกลุ่มของสารก่อมะเร็ง สารที่ก่อให้เกิดการกลายพันธุ์

สารที่ทำให้ตัวอ่อนในครรภ์เกิดความผิดปกติ หรือสารที่มีพิษ

ด้วยเหตุนี้จึงสรุปได้ว่าไทเทเนียมไดออกไซด์ไม่ใช่สารที่มีพิษ

โดยทั่วไปมีความปลอดภัยในการใช้กับอาหาร ยา สี และเครื่องสำอาง

แต่นี่ไม่ใช่ข้อยุติสำหรับการโต้แย้ง

ความปลอดภัยของไทเทเนียมไดออกไซด์ในอีกรูปแบบหนึ่งยังไม่ได้กล่าวถึง

หนึ่งในรูปแบบของแร่ หรือการสกัดแร่รวมถึงไทเทเนียมไดออกไซด์ที่ควรคำนึงถึงคือ

อนุภาคขนาดเล็กหรืออนุภาคขนาดนาโน

ด้วยความก้าวหน้าทางด้านเทคโนโลยีทำให้สามารถทำแร่ให้มีขนาดเล็กได้อย่างที่ไม่เคยเป็นมาก่อน

ขณะที่หลายส่วนชื่นชมกับเทคโนโลยีใหม่

บางส่วนเตือนถึงอันตรายที่ซ่อนอยู่ภายในที่มาถึงร่างกายของเรา

มีการศึกษาพบว่าอนุภาคขนาดเล็กของไทเทเนียมไดออกไซด์รูปแบบอนาเทส

ซึ่งมีขนาดเล็กกว่า 0.1 ไมโครเมตร ก่อให้เกิดโรคได้

Titanium dioxide, also known as

titanium(IV) oxide or titania, is the naturally occurring oxide of titanium,

chemical formula TiO2. When used as a pigment, it is called titanium white,

Pigment White 6 (PW6), or CI 77891. Generally it is sourced from ilmenite,

rutile and anatase. It has a wide range of applications, from paint to

sunscreen to food colouring. When used as a food colouring, it has E number

E171.

Production

The production method depends on

the feedstock. The most common method for the production of titanium dioxide utilizes

ilmenite. Ilmenite is mixed with sulfuric acid. This reacts to remove the iron

oxide group in the ilmenite. The by-product iron(II) sulfate is crystallized

and filtered-off to yield only the titanium salt in the digestion solution.

This product is called synthetic rutile. This is further processed in a similar

way to rutile to give the titanium dioxide product. Synthetic rutile and

titanium slags are made especially for titanium dioxide production.[18] The use

of ilminite ore usually only produces pigment grade titanium dioxide. Another

method for the production of synthetic rutile from ilminite utilizes the Becher

Process.

Rutile is the second most abundant

mineral sand. Rutile found in primary rock cannot be extracted hence the

deposits containing rutile sand can be mined meaning a reduced availability to

the high concentration ore. Crude titanium dioxide (in the form of rutile or

synthetic rutile) is purified via converting to titanium tetrachloride in the

chloride process. In this process, the crude ore (containing at least 70% TiO2)

is reduced with carbon, oxidized with chlorine to give titanium tetrachloride;

i.e., carbothermal chlorination. This titanium tetrachloride is distilled, and

re-oxidized in a pure oxygen flame or plasma at 1500?2000 K to give pure

titanium dioxide while also regenerating chlorine.[19] Aluminium chloride is

often added to the process as a rutile promotor; the product is mostly anatase

in its absence. The preferred raw material for the chloride process is natural

rutile because of its high titanium dioxide content.

One method for the production of

titanium dioxide with relevance to nanotechnology is solvothermal Synthesis of

titanium dioxide.

Applications

The most important application

areas are paints and varnishes as well as paper and plastics: They process

about 80% of the world's titanium dioxide consumption. Other pigment

applications like printing inks, fibers, rubber, cosmetic products and

foodstuffs account for another 8%. The rest is used in other applications, for

instance the production of technical pure titanium, glass and glass ceramics,

electrical ceramics, catalysts, electric conductors and chemical intermediates.

Pigment

Titanium dioxide is the most

widely used white pigment because of its brightness and very high refractive

index, in which it is surpassed only by a few other materials. Approximately

4.6 million tons of pigmentary TiO2 are used annually worldwide, and this

number is expected to increase as utilization continues to rise.[25] When deposited

as a thin film, its refractive index and colour make it an excellent reflective

optical coating for dielectric mirrors and some gemstones like "mystic

fire topaz". TiO2 is also an effective opacifier in powder form, where it

is employed as a pigment to provide whiteness and opacity to products such as

paints, coatings, plastics, papers, inks, foods, medicines (i.e. pills and

tablets) as well as most toothpastes. In paint, it is often referred to

offhandedly as "the perfect white", "the whitest white", or

other similar terms. Opacity is improved by optimal sizing of the titanium

dioxide particles. Some grades of titanium based pigments as used in sparkly

paints, plastics, finishes and pearlescent cosmetics are man-made pigments

whose particles have two or more layers of various oxides ? often titanium

dioxide, iron oxide or alumina ? in order to have glittering, iridescent and or

pearlescent effects similar to crushed mica or guanine-based products. In

addition to these effects a limited color change is possible in certain

formulations depending on how and at which angle the finished product is

illuminated and the thickness of the oxide layer in the pigment particle; one

or more colours appear by reflection while the other tones appear due to

interference of the transparent titanium dioxide layers.[26] In some products,

the layer of titanium dioxide is grown in conjunction with iron oxide by

calcination of titanium salts (sulfates, chlorates) around 800 ?C or other

industrial deposition methods such as chemical vapour deposition on substrates

such as mica platelets or even silicon dioxide crystal platelets of no more

than 50 ?m in diameter. The iridescent effect in these titanium oxide particles

(which are only partly natural) is unlike the opaque effect obtained with usual

ground titanium oxide pigment obtained by mining, in which case only a certain

diameter of the particle is considered and the effect is due only to

scattering.

In ceramic glazes titanium dioxide

acts as an opacifier and seeds crystal formation.

Titanium dioxide has been shown

statistically to increase skimmed milk's whiteness, increasing skimmed milk's

sensory acceptance score.

Titanium dioxide is used to mark

the white lines of some tennis courts.

The exterior of the Saturn V

rocket was painted with titanium dioxide; this later allowed astronomers to

determine that J002E3 was the S-IVB stage from Apollo 12 and not an asteroid.

Sunscreen and UV blocking pigments

in the industry

In cosmetic and skin care

products, titanium dioxide is used as a pigment, sunscreen and a thickener. It

is also used as a tattoo pigment and in styptic pencils. Titanium dioxide is

produced in varying particle sizes, oil and water dispersible, and in certain

grades for the cosmetic industry.

Titanium dioxide is found in

almost every sunscreen with a physical blocker because of its high refractive

index, its strong UV light absorbing capabilities and its resistance to

discolouration under ultraviolet light. This advantage enhances its stability

and ability to protect the skin from ultraviolet light. Nano-scaled titanium

dioxide particles are primarily used in sun screen lotion because they scatter

visible light less than titanium dioxide pigments while still providing UV

protection. Sunscreens designed for infants or people with sensitive skin are

often based on titanium dioxide and/or zinc oxide, as these mineral UV blockers

are believed to cause less skin irritation than other UV absorbing chemicals.

This pigment is used extensively

in plastics and other applications not only as a white pigment or an opacifier

but also for its UV resistant properties where the powder disperses the light ?

unlike organic UV absorbers ? and reduces UV damage, due mostly to the

extremely high refractive index of the particles. Certain polymers used in

coatings for concrete or those used to impregnate concrete as a reinforcement

are sometimes charged with titanium white pigment for UV shielding in the

construction industry, but it only delays the oxidative photodegradation of the

polymer in question, which is said to "chalk" as it flakes off due to

lowered impact strength and may crumble after years of exposure in direct

sunlight if UV stabilizers have not been included, Titanium dioxide, particularly

in the anatase form, is a photocatalyst under ultraviolet (UV) light. Recently

it has been found that titanium dioxide, when spiked with nitrogen ions or

doped with metal oxide like tungsten trioxide, is also a photocatalyst under

either visible or UV light. The strong oxidative potential of the positive

holes oxidizes water to create hydroxyl radicals. It can also oxidize oxygen or

organic materials directly. Titanium dioxide is thus added to paints, cements,

windows, tiles, or other products for its sterilizing, deodorizing and

anti-fouling properties and is used as a hydrolysis catalyst. It is also used

in dye-sensitized solar cells, which are a type of chemical solar cell (also

known as a Graetzel cell).

The photocatalytic properties of

titanium dioxide were discovered by Akira Fujishima in 1967 and published in

1972. The process on the surface of the titanium dioxide was called the

Honda-Fujishima effect. Titanium dioxide has potential for use in energy

production: as a photocatalyst, it can carry out hydrolysis; i.e., break water

into hydrogen and oxygen. With the hydrogen collected, it could be used as a

fuel. The efficiency of this process can be greatly improved by doping the

oxide with carbon. Further efficiency and durability has been obtained by

introducing disorder to the lattice structure of the surface layer of titanium

dioxide nanocrystals, permitting infrared absorption.

Titanium dioxide can also produce

electricity when in nanoparticle form. Research suggests that by using these

nanoparticles to form the pixels of a screen, they generate electricity when

transparent and under the influence of light. If subjected to electricity on

the other hand, the nanoparticles blacken, forming the basic characteristics of

a LCD screen. According to creator Zoran Radivojevic, Nokia has already built a

functional 200-by-200-pixel monochromatic screen which is energetically

self-sufficient.

In 1995 Fujishima and his group

discovered the superhydrophilicity phenomenon for titanium dioxide coated glass

exposed to sun light. This resulted in the development of self-cleaning glass

and anti-fogging coatings.

TiO2 incorporated into outdoor

building materials, such as paving stones in noxer blocks[38] or paints, can

substantially reduce concentrations of airborne pollutants such as volatile

organic compounds and nitrogen oxides.

A photocatalytic cement that uses

titanium dioxide as a primary component, produced by Italcementi Group, was

included in Time's Top 50 Inventions of 2008.

Attempts have been made to photocatalytically

mineralize pollutants (to convert into CO2 and H2O) in waste water. TiO2 offers

great potential as an industrial technology for detoxification or remediation

of wastewater due to several factors:

 1.The process uses natural oxygen and sunlight

and thus occurs under ambient conditions; it is wavelength selective and is

accelerated by UV light.

 2.The photocatalyst is inexpensive, readily

available, non-toxic, chemically and mechanically stable, and has a high

turnover.

 3.The formation of photocyclized intermediate

products, unlike direct photolysis techniques, is avoided.

 4.Oxidation of the substrates to CO2 is

complete.

 5.TiO2 can be supported on suitable reactor

substrates.

Electronic data storage medium

In 2010, researchers at the University

of Tokyo, Japan have created a crystal form of titanium oxide with particles 5

to 20 nanometers that can be switched between two states with light. Use of the

5 nm particles could theoretically lead to a 25 TB storage disc.

Titanium dioxide in solution or

suspension can be used to cleave protein that contains the amino acid proline

at the site where proline is present. This breakthrough in cost-effective

protein splitting took place at Arizona State University in 2006.

 Titanium dioxide is also used as a material in

the memristor, a new electronic circuit element. It can be employed for solar

energy conversion based on dye, polymer, or quantum dot sensitized

nanocrystalline TiO2 solar cells using conjugated polymers as solid

electrolytes.

 Synthetic single crystals and films of TiO2

are used as a semiconductor,[46] and also in Bragg-stack style dielectric

mirrors due to the high refractive index of TiO2 (2.5?2.9).

Titanium dioxide pigment (chemical

symbol: TiO2) is an inorganic white pigment found in an array of end-uses,

including coatings and plastics, which account for more than 80 percent of

global consumption.  Tronox markets a

range of titanium dioxide pigment grades, and our talented team of scientists

works to enhance the performance of products in our customers? current and

future applications.

Tronox is one of only five major producers of TiO2 with proprietary chloride process technology.  The chloride process, which accounts for 100

percent of pigment production gross capacity, produces pigment grades with a

brighter appearance that is often preferred by manufacturers of coatings and

plastics.

TiO2 is among the lowest-cost

producers of the product globally.  This

is of particular importance as it positions TiO2 to be competitive through all

facets of the TiO2 cycle.  In addition,

our company?s three TiO2 production facilities are strategically positioned in

key geographies to reach key markets worldwide.

Titanium Technologies is the

world?s largest manufacturer of titanium dioxide products. We are dedicated to

providing value for our customers, who subsequently supply the world with

coatings, plastics, laminate and paper products. We deliver industry-leading

innovation that addresses the growing worldwide demand for high quality

titanium dioxide by working to create brighter, more efficient pigments. Even

beyond the products we deliver, we also strive to be a partner that enables the

development of sustainable solutions to customer challenges, further enhancing

their business performance. In addition to being known as a leader in safety

and ethics within the TiO2 industry for over 80 years, Titanium Technologies is

a technological innovator. Since the invention and implementation of the

chloride manufacturing process in the 1950?s, consistent advancement in TiO2

pigment design has expanded its quality and utility across the numerous

applications in which it is a component. Fostering innovation to improve the

quality of our customers? experience as well as our products has always been a

critical component of our success, and will continue to do so as we build upon

our 80+ years of expertise.

Molecular formulation:TiO2

Molecular weight:79.9 is 4.1,and

the chemical properties are stable.

Characteristic, Silicon

oxide-alunminum oxide(more silicon less aluminum)coated,strong covering

power,good dispersible power,good optical properties,extremely good durability

and chalking resistance,good dry powder fluidity,very good gardner salability.

Usage:Suitable for

coatings,plastics,plastic steel sectional materials,rubber products,paper

making,leather products,automobile surface paintings,automobile refinish

paintings,etc.

Package:Plastic and paper compound

value bag,net of each bag:25kg,1000kg etc.The package of the product exported

can be negotiated with the client.

TiO2 is High-gloss paint,

Decorative coating, Coil coatings, Water-based paint, Oil-based paint, plastics

(PVC, PE, polystyrene and polyurethane), masterbatch, rubber, high-grade

printing ink and paper

?Main Property

1.Excellent whiteness

2.Excellent dispersibility

3.Excellent weatherability

4.High tinting power

TiO2 Rutile Titanium Dioxide for

General Purpose    is general used in

1.indoor&outdoor coatings

2.interior and exterior latex

paints

3.industrial coatings

4.powder coatings

5.plastics(PVC,PE)

6.masterbatch

7.printing ink and paper making,

etc....

 

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บริษัท ไทยโพลีเคมิคอล จำกัด

ที่อยู่36/5 ม.9  แขวง/ตำบลนาดี 

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Tel.: 034854888, 034496284

Fax.: 034854899, 034496285

Mobile: 0824504888, 0800160016

Website :

www.thaipolychemicals.com

Email1 : thaipolychemicals@hotmail.com

Email2 : info@thaipolychemicals.com

 

 

DioxideอนาทัสPasteRutileทิทาเนียมเพสต์TiO2PowderTitaniumทิทาเนียมไดออกไซด์Anatase