ไตรโซเดียมฟอสเฟต, Trisodium Phosphate, TSP, Na3PO4

Trisodium Phosphate, TSP, ไตรโซเดียมฟอสเฟต, ไตรโซเดียมฟอสเฟท, ทีเอสพี

ไตรโซเดียม ฟอสเฟท (Tri Sodium Phosphate) เป็นสารบัฟเฟอร์ที่เป็นด่างอย่างแก่ ทำงานเป็น Emulsifier เพื่อปรับปรุงเนื้อสัมผัสรักษาความหนืด และป้องกันการแยกตัวของฟอสเฟต มีอีกชื่อหนึ่งว่า sodium phosphate

trosodium monophosphate. Sodium Phosphate Tribasic, Dodecahydrate, Crystal.

White, free-flowing, granular or powder. Formula: Na3PO4.12H2O.1/4 NaOH

Synonyms:

Sodium phosphate, tribasic; Sodium orthophosphate; Sodium phosphate; Trisodium

orthophosphate; Phosphoric acid, trisodium salt; Sodium phosphate

Grade:

Technical , Uses: Water softeners; boiler water compounds; detergent; metal

cleaner; textiles; manufacture of paper; laundering; tanning; photographic

developers; paint removers; industrial cleaners.

The

major use for trisodium phosphate is in cleaning agents. In combination with

surfactants, TSP is an excellent agent for cleaning everything from laundry to

concrete driveways. TSP is commonly used after cleaning with mineral spirits in

order to remove hydrocarbon residues. TSP may be used with household chlorine

bleach in the same solution without hazardous reactions.[4] This mixture is

particularly good for removing mildew. TSP is also used as a flux for use in

hard soldering joints in medical grade copper plumbing. The flux is applied as

a concentrated water solution and dissolves copper oxides at the temperature

used in copper brazing. Residues are fully water soluble and can be rinsed out

of plumbing before it is put in service. TSP can be used in ceramic production

to lower the flow point of glazes. Another use is the cleaning, degreasing and

deglossing of walls prior to painting. Trisodium phosphate has a variety of

applications but is primarily used as a cleaning agent, food additive, stain

remover and degreaser.

Trisodium

phosphate (TSP) is a cleaning agent, lubricant, food additive, stain remover

and degreaser. It is a white, granular or crystalline solid, highly soluble in

water producing an alkaline solution.

The

item of commerce is often partially hydrated and may range from anhydrous

trisodium phosphate, Na3PO4, to the dodecahydrate, Na3PO4?12H2O. Most often

found in white powder form, it can also be called trisodium orthophosphate or

simply sodium phosphate. Trisodium phosphate was at one time extensively used

in formulations for a wide variety of consumer grade soaps and detergents, but

ecological problems have largely ended that practice, at least in the western

world. Substitutes are not as effective, but the raw chemical can be bought in

bulk to add to other detergents.

Uses

Cleaning

The

major use for trisodium phosphate is in cleaning agents. The pH of a 1%

solution is 12, and the solution is sufficiently alkaline to saponify grease

and oils. In combination with surfactants, TSP is an excellent agent for

cleaning everything from laundry to concrete driveways. This versatility and

low manufacturing price, made TSP the preferred basis for a plethora of

cleaning products sold in the mid-20th century. TSP is still sold, and used, as

a cleaning agent, but during the late 1960s in the United States,[citation

needed] government regulators in seventeen states determined that overuse led

to a series of ecological problems with the damage to lakes and rivers through

eutrophication being the most significant.

By

the end of the 20th century, many products that formerly contained TSP were

manufactured with TSP substitutes, which consist mainly of sodium carbonate

along with various admixtures of nonionic surfactants and a limited percentage

of sodium phosphates. 

TSP

is commonly used after cleaning with mineral spirits in order to remove

hydrocarbon residues.[citation needed] TSP may be used with household chlorine

bleach in the same solution without hazardous reactions. This mixture is

particularly good for removing mildew, but is ineffective at permanently

removing mold.

Although

it is still the active ingredient in some toilet bowl cleaning tablets, TSP is

generally not good for cleaning bathrooms, because it can stain metal and can

damage grout.

Flux

In

the United States, trisodium phosphate is an approved flux for use in hard

soldering joints in medical grade copper plumbing. The flux is applied as a

concentrated water solution and dissolves copper oxides at the temperature used

in copper brazing. Residues are fully water soluble and can be rinsed out of

plumbing before it is put in service.

TSP

is used as an ingredient in fluxes designed to deoxygenate nonferrous metals

for casting.

TSP can be used in ceramic production to lower the flow point of glazes.

Painting enhancement

TSP

is still in common use for the cleaning, degreasing and deglossing of walls

prior to painting. TSP breaks the gloss of oil based paints and opens the pores

of latex based paint providing a surface better suited for the adhesion of the

subsequent layer.

Food additive

Sodium

phosphates (monosodium phosphate, disodium phosphate, and trisodium phosphate)

are approved as a food additive in the EU, E339.

Exercise performance enhancement

Trisodium

phosphate has gained a following as a nutritional supplement that can improve

certain parameters of exercise performance.[8] The basis of this belief is the

fact that phosphate is required for the energy-producing Krebs cycle central to

aerobic metabolism. Phosphates are available from a number of other sources

that are much milder than TSP. While TSP is not toxic per se, it is severely

irritating to gastric mucosa unless used as part of a buffered solution.

TSP Substitutes

See also: Cleaning products and the environment

Products

sold as TSP substitute, containing soda ash and zeolites, are promoted as a

direct substitute. However, sodium carbonate is not as strongly basic as

trisodium phosphate, making it less effective in demanding applications.

Zeolites are added to laundry detergents as bulking agents that rapidly break

down in water and are essentially nonpolluting. Cleaning products labeled as

TSP may contain other ingredients, with perhaps less than 50% trisodium

phosphate.

 

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